How open is the blockchain innovation ecosystem in construction
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Abstract
Eleni Papadonikolaki's keynote at CBC 2023 focuses on the exploration of blockchain innovation ecosystems within the construction sector, particularly examining how open or closed these ecosystems are. Originating from a background in architecture with affiliations to notable institutions like UCL and TU Delft, Papadonikolaki brings a rich understanding of both the architectural and managerial aspects of engineering projects to her investigation into blockchain technology's role in construction.
Her research delves into the peculiarities of the construction industry, which is characterized by its project-based nature, fragmentation, transaction-heavy processes, and a notable lack of trust among stakeholders. These factors contribute to the industry's slow digital transformation compared to other sectors. Papadonikolaki positions blockchain as a potential catalyst for change, given its capacity for transparent and immutable transactions, which could foster a more trust-based environment.
The keynote further explores the concept of open innovation ecosystems in construction, contrasting them with closed systems. Open innovation, as discussed, allows companies to leverage external knowledge, expertise, and technologies to drive innovation, as opposed to relying solely on internal resources. The study highlights a qualitative analysis based on interviews with experts, revealing a preference towards open innovation within the blockchain domain, yet also noting significant mentions of closed innovation principles, particularly concerning business models and intellectual property (IP) protection.
Key findings suggest that the construction sector predominantly operates within closed innovation ecosystems, hindered by traditional business models that resist change and impede the free flow of knowledge and collaborative innovation. However, blockchain initiatives have the potential to empower small and medium enterprises (SMEs) by democratizing access to innovative solutions and fostering more equitable participation within the industry's innovation ecosystem.
The study identifies different orchestrators for open and closed blockchain innovation ecosystems, with consortia playing a central role in open systems, and contractors or asset owners typically orchestrating closed ecosystems. The research emphasizes the critical role of policymakers in supporting these ecosystems, advocating for government involvement in legitimizing and legislating blockchain use in construction to facilitate its adoption and integration into mainstream industry practices.
Papadonikolaki concludes by stressing the importance of collective and open actions in overcoming the industry's innovation challenges. She critiques the expectation that major tech disruptors will revolutionize the construction sector, arguing instead for a more inclusive and collaborative approach to fostering digital transformation through blockchain and other digital technologies.
